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ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a rapid transition to online learning, thereby significantly impacting higher education. This study examines the experiences of students, instructors, and university administrators from 22 Thai universities during the pandemic and explores the potential consequences for the future of higher education. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, data were gathered through focus group discussions with 30 participants and a survey conducted with 510 undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate students. The findings highlight the importance of flexibility, technology integration, and adaptability in curricula and instructional methods to enable effective online learning. Additionally, the study emphasizes the need for continuous improvement in the education sector, driven by the rapidly changing demands of the job market and the evolving nature of technology. Practical steps to be taken include prioritizing student learning outcomes, fostering digital literacy among instructors and students, and promoting collaboration across disciplines. Future research should examine the long-term impact of the pandemic on higher education and explore additional strategies for supporting students and instructors in the next normal.

Keywords: online learning, higher education, flexibility, technology integration, COVID-19, adaptability